netman 2008-4-13 23:32
IEEE Std 802.11™-2007
【资料成文时间】： 12 June 2007
【语言】：E
【页数】： 1232
【何人（公司）所著】： IEEE
【文件格式】： PDF
【文件原名】：
【摘要或目录】：
Contents
1. Overview............................................................................................................................................. 1
1.1 Scope........................................................................................................................................ 1
1.2 Purpose..................................................................................................................................... 1
2. Normative references ........................................................................................................................... 3
3. Definitions .......................................................................................................................................... 5
4. Abbreviations and acronyms ............................................................................................................. 17
5. General description ............................................................................................................................ 23
5.1 General description of the architecture ................................................................................... 23
5.1.1 How WLAN systems are different .......................................................................... 23
5.1.1.1 Destination address does not equal destination location ....................... 23
5.1.1.2 Media impact on design and performance............................................. 23
5.1.1.3 The impact of handling mobile STAs.................................................... 23
5.1.1.4 Interaction with other IEEE 802® layers............................................... 24
5.1.1.5 Interaction with non-IEEE-802 protocols.............................................. 24
5.2 Components of the IEEE 802.11 architecture......................................................................... 24
5.2.1 The independent BSS (IBSS) as an ad hoc network................................................ 25
5.2.2 STA membership in a BSS is dynamic.................................................................... 25
5.2.3 Distribution system (DS) concepts .......................................................................... 25
5.2.3.1 Extended service set (ESS): The large coverage network ..................... 26
5.2.3.2 RSNA..................................................................................................... 27
5.2.4 Area concepts........................................................................................................... 27
5.2.5 Integration with wired LANs................................................................................... 29
5.2.6 QoS BSS: The QoS network.................................................................................... 30
5.3 Logical service interfaces........................................................................................................ 31
5.3.1 SS............................................................................................................................. 31
5.3.2 DSS .......................................................................................................................... 32
5.4 Overview of the services......................................................................................................... 32
5.4.1 Distribution of messages within a DS...................................................................... 33
5.4.1.1 Distribution ............................................................................................ 33
5.4.1.2 Integration.............................................................................................. 34
5.4.1.3 QoS traffic scheduling ........................................................................... 34
5.4.2 Services that support the distribution service .......................................................... 34
5.4.2.1 Mobility types ........................................................................................ 34
5.4.2.2 Association............................................................................................. 35
5.4.2.3 Reassociation ......................................................................................... 35
5.4.2.4 Disassociation ........................................................................................ 36
5.4.3 Access control and data confidentiality services ..................................................... 36
5.4.3.1 Authentication........................................................................................ 36
5.4.3.2 Deauthentication .................................................................................... 37
5.4.3.3 Data confidentiality................................................................................ 38
5.4.3.4 Key management ................................................................................... 38
5.4.3.5 Data origin authenticity ......................................................................... 38
5.4.3.6 Replay detection .................................................................................... 39
5.4.4 Spectrum management services............................................................................... 39
5.4.4.1 TPC........................................................................................................ 39
Copyright © 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved. xi
5.4.4.2 DFS ........................................................................................................ 39
5.4.5 Traffic differentiation and QoS support................................................................... 39
5.4.6 Support for higher layer timer synchronization....................................................... 40
5.5 Multiple logical address spaces............................................................................................... 40
5.6 Differences between ESS and IBSS LANs............................................................................. 41
5.7 Reference model...................................................................................................................... 42
5.8 IEEE Std 802.11 and IEEE Std 802.1X-2004......................................................................... 42
5.8.1 IEEE 802.11 usage of IEEE Std 802.1X-2004 ........................................................ 43
5.8.2 Infrastructure functional model overview................................................................ 43
5.8.2.1 AKM operations with AS ...................................................................... 43
5.8.2.2 Operations with PSK ............................................................................. 46
5.8.2.3 Disassociation ........................................................................................ 46
5.8.3 IBSS functional model description .......................................................................... 46
5.8.3.1 Key usage............................................................................................... 46
5.8.3.2 Sample IBSS 4-Way Handshakes.......................................................... 46
5.8.3.3 IBSS IEEE 802.1X example.................................................................. 48
5.8.4 Authenticator-to-AS protocol .................................................................................. 49
5.8.5 PMKSA caching ...................................................................................................... 49
6. MAC service definition ..................................................................................................................... 51
6.1 Overview of MAC services..................................................................................................... 51
6.1.1 Data service.............................................................................................................. 51
6.1.1.1 Determination of UP.............................................................................. 51
6.1.1.2 Interpretation of priority parameter in MAC service primitives............ 52
6.1.1.3 Interpretation of service class parameter in MAC service primitives
in a STA................................................................................................. 52
6.1.2 Security services ...................................................................................................... 53
6.1.3 MSDU ordering ....................................................................................................... 53
6.1.4 MSDU format .......................................................................................................... 54
6.1.5 MAC data service architecture ................................................................................ 54
6.2 Detailed service specification ................................................................................................. 55
6.2.1 MAC data services................................................................................................... 55
6.2.1.1 MA-UNITDATA.request ...................................................................... 55
6.2.1.2 MA-UNITDATA.indication .................................................................. 56
6.2.1.3 MA-UNITDATA.confirm ..................................................................... 57
7. Frame formats ................................................................................................................................... 59
7.1 MAC frame formats ................................................................................................................ 59
7.1.1 Conventions ............................................................................................................. 59
7.1.2 General frame format............................................................................................... 60
7.1.3 Frame fields ............................................................................................................. 60
7.1.3.1 Frame Control field................................................................................ 60
7.1.3.2 Duration/ID field.................................................................................... 64
7.1.3.3 Address fields ........................................................................................ 65
7.1.3.4 Sequence Control field........................................................................... 66
7.1.3.5 QoS Control field................................................................................... 67
7.1.3.6 Frame Body field ................................................................................... 70
7.1.3.7 FCS field ................................................................................................ 70
7.1.4 Duration/ID field in data and management frames.................................................. 71
7.2 Format of individual frame types............................................................................................ 71
7.2.1 Control frames ......................................................................................................... 71
7.2.1.1 RTS frame format .................................................................................. 72
xii Copyright © 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved.
7.2.1.2 CTS frame format .................................................................................. 73
7.2.1.3 ACK frame format ................................................................................. 74
7.2.1.4 PS-Poll frame format ............................................................................. 74
7.2.1.5 CF-End frame format............................................................................. 74
7.2.1.6 CF-End+CF-Ack frame format.............................................................. 75
7.2.1.7 Block Ack Request (BlockAckReq) frame format ................................ 75
7.2.1.8 Block Ack (BlockAck) frame format .................................................... 76
7.2.2 Data frames .............................................................................................................. 77
7.2.3 Management frames................................................................................................. 79
7.2.3.1 Beacon frame format ............................................................................. 80
7.2.3.2 IBSS ATIM frame format...................................................................... 81
7.2.3.3 Disassociation frame format .................................................................. 81
7.2.3.4 Association Request frame format......................................................... 82
7.2.3.5 Association Response frame format ...................................................... 82
7.2.3.6 Reassociation Request frame format ..................................................... 83
7.2.3.7 Reassociation Response frame format................................................... 83
7.2.3.8 Probe Request frame format .................................................................. 84
7.2.3.9 Probe Response frame format................................................................ 84
7.2.3.10 Authentication frame format.................................................................. 86
7.2.3.11 Deauthentication .................................................................................... 86
7.2.3.12 Action frame format............................................................................... 87
7.3 Management frame body components .................................................................................... 87
7.3.1 Fields that are not information elements.................................................................. 87
7.3.1.1 Authentication Algorithm Number field................................................ 87
7.3.1.2 Authentication Transaction Sequence Number field ............................. 87
7.3.1.3 Beacon Interval field.............................................................................. 88
7.3.1.4 Capability Information field .................................................................. 88
7.3.1.5 Current AP Address field....................................................................... 91
7.3.1.6 Listen Interval field................................................................................ 91
7.3.1.7 Reason Code field.................................................................................. 92
7.3.1.8 AID field ................................................................................................ 93
7.3.1.9 Status Code field.................................................................................... 93
7.3.1.10 Timestamp field ..................................................................................... 95
7.3.1.11 Action field ............................................................................................ 95
7.3.1.12 Dialog Token field ................................................................................. 96
7.3.1.13 DLS Timeout Value field ...................................................................... 96
7.3.1.14 Block Ack Parameter Set field............................................................... 97
7.3.1.15 Block Ack Timeout Value field............................................................. 97
7.3.1.16 DELBA Parameter Set field .................................................................. 98
7.3.1.17 QoS Info field ........................................................................................ 98
7.3.2 Information elements ............................................................................................... 99
7.3.2.1 SSID element ....................................................................................... 101
7.3.2.2 Supported Rates element ..................................................................... 101
7.3.2.3 FH Parameter Set element ................................................................... 102
7.3.2.4 DS Parameter Set element ................................................................... 102
7.3.2.5 CF Parameter Set element.................................................................... 103
7.3.2.6 TIM ...................................................................................................... 103
7.3.2.7 IBSS Parameter Set element ................................................................ 104
7.3.2.8 Challenge Text element ....................................................................... 105
7.3.2.9 Country information element............................................................... 105
7.3.2.10 Hopping Pattern Parameters information element............................... 107
7.3.2.11 Hopping Pattern Table information element ....................................... 108
7.3.2.12 Request information element ............................................................... 109
7.3.2.13 ERP Information element .................................................................... 109
Copyright © 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved. xiii
7.3.2.14 Extended Supported Rates element ..................................................... 111
7.3.2.15 Power Constraint element.................................................................... 112
7.3.2.16 Power Capability element.................................................................... 112
7.3.2.17 TPC Request element........................................................................... 113
7.3.2.18 TPC Report element............................................................................. 113
7.3.2.19 Supported Channels element ............................................................... 114
7.3.2.20 Channel Switch Announcement element............................................. 114
7.3.2.21 Measurement Request element ............................................................ 115
7.3.2.22 Measurement Report element .............................................................. 118
7.3.2.23 Quiet element....................................................................................... 122
7.3.2.24 IBSS DFS element ............................................................................... 123
7.3.2.25 RSN information element .................................................................... 123
7.3.2.26 Vendor Specific information element.................................................. 128
7.3.2.27 Extended Capabilities information element......................................... 128
7.3.2.28 BSS Load element ............................................................................... 129
7.3.2.29 EDCA Parameter Set element.............................................................. 130
7.3.2.30 TSPEC element.................................................................................... 132
7.3.2.31 TCLAS element ................................................................................... 136
7.3.2.32 TS Delay element................................................................................. 138
7.3.2.33 TCLAS Processing element................................................................. 138
7.3.2.34 Schedule element ................................................................................. 139
7.3.2.35 QoS Capability element ....................................................................... 140
7.4 Action frame format details .................................................................................................. 140
7.4.1 Spectrum management action details .................................................................... 140
7.4.1.1 Measurement Request frame format.................................................... 141
7.4.1.2 Measurement Report frame format...................................................... 141
7.4.1.3 TPC Request frame format .................................................................. 142
7.4.1.4 TPC Report frame format .................................................................... 142
7.4.1.5 Channel Switch Announcement frame format..................................... 143
7.4.2 QoS Action frame details....................................................................................... 143
7.4.2.1 ADDTS Request frame format ............................................................ 143
7.4.2.2 ADDTS Response frame format.......................................................... 144
7.4.2.3 DELTS frame format ........................................................................... 145
7.4.2.4 Schedule frame format......................................................................... 146
7.4.3 DLS Action frame details ...................................................................................... 146
7.4.3.1 DLS Request frame format .................................................................. 146
7.4.3.2 DLS Response frame format................................................................ 147
7.4.3.3 DLS Teardown frame format............................................................... 148
7.4.4 Block Ack Action frame details............................................................................. 149
7.4.4.1 ADDBA Request frame format ........................................................... 149
7.4.4.2 ADDBA Response frame format......................................................... 150
7.4.4.3 DELBA frame format .......................................................................... 150
7.4.5 Vendor-specific action details ............................................................................... 151
7.5 Frame usage .......................................................................................................................... 151
8. Security ........................................................................................................................................... 155
8.1 Framework ............................................................................................................................ 155
8.1.1 Security methods.................................................................................................... 155
8.1.2 RSNA equipment and RSNA capabilities ............................................................. 155
8.1.3 RSNA establishment.............................................................................................. 155
8.1.4 RSNA PeerKey Support ........................................................................................ 156
8.1.5 RSNA assumptions and constraints....................................................................... 157
8.2 Pre-RSNA security methods ................................................................................................. 157
xiv Copyright © 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved.
8.2.1 Wired equivalent privacy (WEP)........................................................................... 158
8.2.1.1 WEP overview ..................................................................................... 158
8.2.1.2 WEP MPDU format............................................................................. 158
8.2.1.3 WEP state............................................................................................. 158
8.2.1.4 WEP procedures .................................................................................. 159
8.2.2 Pre-RSNA authentication ...................................................................................... 161
8.2.2.1 Overview.............................................................................................. 161
8.2.2.2 Open System authentication ................................................................ 161
8.2.2.3 Shared Key authentication ................................................................... 162
8.3 RSNA data confidentiality protocols .................................................................................... 165
8.3.1 Overview................................................................................................................ 165
8.3.2 Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP) .............................................................. 165
8.3.2.1 TKIP overview..................................................................................... 165
8.3.2.2 TKIP MPDU formats........................................................................... 168
8.3.2.3 TKIP MIC............................................................................................ 169
8.3.2.4 TKIP countermeasures procedures ...................................................... 171
8.3.2.5 TKIP mixing function.......................................................................... 175
8.3.2.6 TKIP replay protection procedures...................................................... 179
8.3.3 CTR with CBC-MAC Protocol (CCMP)............................................................... 179
8.3.3.1 CCMP overview .................................................................................. 179
8.3.3.2 CCMP MPDU format .......................................................................... 180
8.3.3.3 CCMP cryptographic encapsulation .................................................... 181
8.3.3.4 CCMP decapsulation ........................................................................... 184
8.4 RSNA security association management .............................................................................. 185
8.4.1 Security associations.............................................................................................. 185
8.4.1.1 Security association definitions ........................................................... 185
8.4.1.2 Security association life cycle.............................................................. 187
8.4.2 RSNA selection...................................................................................................... 189
8.4.3 RSNA policy selection in an ESS.......................................................................... 189
8.4.3.1 TSN policy selection in an ESS........................................................... 190
8.4.4 RSNA policy selection in an IBSS ........................................................................ 190
8.4.4.1 TSN policy selection in an IBSS ......................................................... 191
8.4.5 RSN management of the IEEE 802.1X Controlled Port........................................ 191
8.4.6 RSNA authentication in an ESS ............................................................................ 192
8.4.6.1 Preauthentication and RSNA key management................................... 192
8.4.6.2 Cached PMKSAs and RSNA key management .................................. 193
8.4.7 RSNA authentication in an IBSS........................................................................... 193
8.4.8 RSNA key management in an ESS........................................................................ 195
8.4.9 RSNA key management in an IBSS ...................................................................... 195
8.4.10 RSNA security association termination................................................................. 196
8.5 Keys and key distribution ..................................................................................................... 196
8.5.1 Key hierarchy......................................................................................................... 196
8.5.1.1 PRF ...................................................................................................... 197
8.5.1.2 Pairwise key hierarchy......................................................................... 198
8.5.1.3 Group key hierarchy ............................................................................ 200
8.5.1.4 PeerKey key hierarchy......................................................................... 201
8.5.2 EAPOL-Key frames............................................................................................... 202
8.5.2.1 EAPOL-Key frame notation ................................................................ 210
8.5.3 4-Way Handshake.................................................................................................. 211
8.5.3.1 4-Way Handshake Message 1.............................................................. 211
8.5.3.2 4-Way Handshake Message 2.............................................................. 213
8.5.3.3 4-Way Handshake Message 3.............................................................. 214
8.5.3.4 4-Way Handshake Message 4.............................................................. 215
8.5.3.5 4-Way Handshake implementation considerations.............................. 216
Copyright © 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved. xv
8.5.3.6 Sample 4-Way Handshake................................................................... 217
8.5.3.7 4-Way Handshake analysis.................................................................. 218
8.5.4 Group Key Handshake........................................................................................... 220
8.5.4.1 Group Key Handshake Message 1....................................................... 220
8.5.4.2 Group Key Handshake Message 2....................................................... 221
8.5.4.3 Group Key Handshake implementation considerations....................... 222
8.5.4.4 Sample Group Key Handshake............................................................ 222
8.5.5 RSNA Supplicant key management state machine................................................ 223
8.5.5.1 Supplicant state machine states............................................................ 223
8.5.5.2 Supplicant state machine variables ...................................................... 224
8.5.5.3 Supplicant state machine procedures................................................... 224
8.5.5.4 Supplicant PeerKey state machine states............................................. 227
8.5.5.5 Supplicant PeerKey state machine variables ....................................... 227
8.5.6 RSNA Authenticator key management state machine........................................... 229
8.5.6.1 Authenticator state machine states....................................................... 229
8.5.6.2 Authenticator state machine variables ................................................. 233
8.5.6.3 Authenticator state machine procedures .............................................. 234
8.5.7 Nonce generation ................................................................................................... 234
8.5.8 PeerKey Handshake............................................................................................... 235
8.5.8.1 SMK Handshake .................................................................................. 236
8.5.8.2 PeerKey setup and handshake error conditions ................................... 241
8.5.8.3 STKSA rekeying.................................................................................. 241
8.5.8.4 Error Reporting .................................................................................... 242
8.6 Mapping EAPOL keys to IEEE 802.11 keys ........................................................................ 244
8.6.1 Mapping PTK to TKIP keys .................................................................................. 244
8.6.2 Mapping GTK to TKIP keys ................................................................................. 244
8.6.3 Mapping PTK to CCMP keys................................................................................ 244
8.6.4 Mapping GTK to CCMP keys ............................................................................... 244
8.6.5 Mapping GTK to WEP-40 keys............................................................................. 244
8.6.6 Mapping GTK to WEP-104 keys........................................................................... 244
8.7 Per-frame pseudo-code.......................................................................................................... 245
8.7.1 WEP frame pseudo-code ....................................................................................... 245
8.7.2 RSNA frame pseudo-code ..................................................................................... 246
8.7.2.1 Per-MSDU Tx pseudo-code................................................................. 246
8.7.2.2 Per-MPDU Tx pseudo-code................................................................. 247
8.7.2.3 Per-MPDU Rx pseudo-code ................................................................ 248
8.7.2.4 Per-MSDU Rx pseudo-code ................................................................ 249
9. MAC sublayer functional description.............................................................................................. 251
9.1 MAC architecture.................................................................................................................. 251
9.1.1 DCF........................................................................................................................ 251
9.1.2 PCF ........................................................................................................................ 252
9.1.3 Hybrid coordination function (HCF) ..................................................................... 252
9.1.3.1 HCF contention-based channel access (EDCA) .................................. 252
9.1.3.2 HCF controlled channel access (HCCA) ............................................. 254
9.1.4 Combined use of DCF, PCF, and HCF.................................................................. 254
9.1.5 Fragmentation/defragmentation overview............................................................. 255
9.1.6 MAC data service .................................................................................................. 255
9.2 DCF...................................................................................................................................... 256
9.2.1 CS mechanism ....................................................................................................... 257
9.2.2 MAC-Level acknowledgments .............................................................................. 257
9.2.3 IFS.......................................................................................................................... 258
9.2.3.1 SIFS ..................................................................................................... 258
xvi Copyright © 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved.
9.2.3.2 PIFS ..................................................................................................... 259
9.2.3.3 DIFS..................................................................................................... 259
9.2.3.4 AIFS..................................................................................................... 259
9.2.3.5 EIFS ..................................................................................................... 259
9.2.4 Random backoff time............................................................................................. 260
9.2.5 DCF access procedure ........................................................................................... 261
9.2.5.1 Basic access ......................................................................................... 261
9.2.5.2 Backoff procedure for DCF ................................................................. 262
9.2.5.3 Recovery procedures and retransmit limits ......................................... 263
9.2.5.4 Setting and resetting the NAV ............................................................. 264
9.2.5.5 Control of the channel.......................................................................... 264
9.2.5.6 RTS/CTS usage with fragmentation .................................................... 266
9.2.5.7 CTS procedure ..................................................................................... 267
9.2.6 Individually addressed MPDU transfer procedure ................................................ 267
9.2.7 Broadcast and multicast MPDU transfer procedure .............................................. 268
9.2.8 ACK procedure ...................................................................................................... 268
9.2.9 Duplicate detection and recovery .......................................................................... 269
9.2.10 DCF timing relations ............................................................................................. 270
9.2.11 NAV distribution ................................................................................................... 271
9.2.12 Determination of PLME aCWmin characteristics ................................................. 271
9.3 PCF....................................................................................................................................... 271
9.3.1 CFP structure and timing ....................................................................................... 272
9.3.2 PCF access procedure ............................................................................................ 274
9.3.2.1 Fundamental access ............................................................................. 274
9.3.2.2 NAV operation during the CFP ........................................................... 274
9.3.3 PCF transfer procedure .......................................................................................... 275
9.3.3.1 PCF transfers when the PC STA is transmitter or recipient ................ 275
9.3.3.2 Operation with overlapping point-coordinated BSSs .......................... 277
9.3.3.3 CFPMaxDuration limit ........................................................................ 277
9.3.3.4 CF usage rules...................................................................................... 277
9.3.4 CF polling list ........................................................................................................ 278
9.3.4.1 Polling list processing.......................................................................... 278
9.3.4.2 Polling list update procedure ............................................................... 278
9.4 Fragmentation ....................................................................................................................... 279
9.5 Defragmentation................................................................................................................... 279
9.6 Multirate support................................................................................................................... 280
9.6.1 Modulation classes................................................................................................. 281
9.7 MSDU transmission restrictions ........................................................................................... 282
9.8 Operation across regulatory domains.................................................................................... 282
9.8.1 Operation upon entering a regulatory domain ....................................................... 283
9.8.2 Support for FH PHYs ............................................................................................ 283
9.8.2.1 Determination of hopping patterns ...................................................... 283
9.9 HCF...................................................................................................................................... 286
9.9.1 HCF contention-based channel access (EDCA) .................................................... 286
9.9.1.1 Reference implementation ................................................................... 286
9.9.1.2 EDCA TXOPs...................................................................................... 287
9.9.1.3 Obtaining an EDCA TXOP ................................................................. 287
9.9.1.4 Multiple frame transmission in an EDCA TXOP................................ 289
9.9.1.5 EDCA backoff procedure .................................................................... 290
9.9.1.6 Retransmit procedures ......................................................................... 291
9.9.2 HCCA .................................................................................................................... 292
9.9.2.1 HCCA procedure ................................................................................. 292
9.9.2.2 TXOP structure and timing.................................................................. 295
9.9.2.3 HCCA transfer rules ............................................................................ 296
Copyright © 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved. xvii
9.9.3 Admission Control at the HC................................................................................. 298
9.9.3.1 Contention-based admission control procedures ................................. 298
9.9.3.2 Controlled-access admission control ................................................... 300
9.10 Block Acknowledgment (Block Ack)................................................................................... 302
9.10.1 Introduction............................................................................................................ 302
9.10.2 Setup and modification of the Block Ack parameters ........................................... 303
9.10.3 Data and acknowledgment transfer........................................................................ 303
9.10.4 Receive buffer operation........................................................................................ 306
9.10.5 Teardown of the Block Ack mechanism................................................................ 306
9.11 No Acknowledgment (No Ack) ............................................................................................ 306
9.12 Frame exchange sequences ................................................................................................... 306
9.13 Protection mechanism for non-ERP receivers ...................................................................... 310
10. Layer management.......................................................................................................................... 313
10.1 Overview of management model .......................................................................................... 313
10.2 Generic management primitives ........................................................................................... 314
10.3 MLME SAP interface ........................................................................................................... 314
10.3.1 Power management................................................................................................ 315
10.3.1.1 MLME-POWERMGT.request............................................................. 315
10.3.1.2 MLME-POWERMGT.confirm............................................................ 316
10.3.2 Scan........................................................................................................................ 317
10.3.2.1 MLME-SCAN.request......................................................................... 317
10.3.2.2 MLME-SCAN.confirm........................................................................ 318
10.3.3 Synchronization ..................................................................................................... 320
10.3.3.1 MLME-JOIN.request........................................................................... 320
10.3.3.2 MLME-JOIN.confirm.......................................................................... 321
10.3.4 Authenticate ........................................................................................................... 322
10.3.4.1 MLME-AUTHENTICATE.request..................................................... 322
10.3.4.2 MLME-AUTHENTICATE.confirm.................................................... 323
10.3.4.3 MLME-AUTHENTICATE.indication ................................................ 324
10.3.4.4 MLME-AUTHENTICATE.response .................................................. 325
10.3.5 Deauthenticate ....................................................................................................... 326
10.3.5.1 MLME-DEAUTHENTICATE.request................................................ 326
10.3.5.2 MLME-DEAUTHENTICATE.confirm .............................................. 327
10.3.5.3 MLME-DEAUTHENTICATE.indication ........................................... 328
10.3.6 Associate................................................................................................................ 329
10.3.6.1 MLME-ASSOCIATE.request.............................................................. 329
10.3.6.2 MLME-ASSOCIATE.confirm ............................................................ 330
10.3.6.3 MLME-ASSOCIATE.indication ......................................................... 331
10.3.6.4 MLME-ASSOCIATE.response ........................................................... 332
10.3.7 Reassociate............................................................................................................. 333
10.3.7.1 MLME-REASSOCIATE.request ........................................................ 333
10.3.7.2 MLME-REASSOCIATE.confirm ....................................................... 334
10.3.7.3 MLME-REASSOCIATE.indication .................................................... 335
10.3.7.4 MLME-REASSOCIATE.response ...................................................... 336
10.3.8 Disassociate ........................................................................................................... 337
10.3.8.1 MLME-DISASSOCIATE.request ....................................................... 337
10.3.8.2 MLME-DISASSOCIATE.confirm...................................................... 338
10.3.8.3 MLME-DISASSOCIATE.indication................................................... 339
10.3.9 Reset....................................................................................................................... 340
10.3.9.1 MLME-RESET.request ....................................................................... 340
10.3.9.2 MLME-RESET.confirm ...................................................................... 341
10.3.10 Start........................................................................................................................ 342
xviii Copyright © 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved.
10.3.10.1 MLME-START.request....................................................................... 342
10.3.10.2 MLME-START.confirm...................................................................... 344
10.3.11 Spectrum management protocol layer model ........................................................ 345
10.3.12 Measurement request ............................................................................................. 350
10.3.12.1 MLME-MREQUEST.request .............................................................. 350
10.3.12.2 MLME-MREQUEST.confirm............................................................. 351
10.3.12.3 MLME-MREQUEST.indication.......................................................... 352
10.3.13 Channel measurement............................................................................................ 353
10.3.13.1 MLME-MEASURE.request ................................................................ 353
10.3.13.2 MLME-MEASURE.confirm ............................................................... 354
10.3.14 Measurement report ............................................................................................... 355
10.3.14.1 MLME-MREPORT.request................................................................. 355
10.3.14.2 MLME-MREPORT.confirm................................................................ 356
10.3.14.3 MLME-MREPORT.indication ............................................................ 357
10.3.15 Channel switch....................................................................................................... 358
10.3.15.1 MLME-CHANNELSWITCH.request ................................................. 358
10.3.15.2 MLME-CHANNELSWITCH.confirm ................................................ 359
10.3.15.3 MLME-CHANNELSWITCH.indication............................................. 360
10.3.15.4 MLME-CHANNELSWITCH.response............................................... 361
10.3.16 TPC request............................................................................................................ 362
10.3.16.1 MLME-TPCADAPT.request............................................................... 362
10.3.16.2 MLME-TPCADAPT.confirm.............................................................. 363
10.3.17 SetKeys .................................................................................................................. 364
10.3.17.1 MLME-SETKEYS.request .................................................................. 364
10.3.17.2 MLME-SETKEYS.confirm................................................................. 365
10.3.18 DeleteKeys............................................................................................................. 366
10.3.18.1 MLME-DELETEKEYS.request .......................................................... 366
10.3.18.2 MLME-DELETEKEYS.confirm......................................................... 367
10.3.19 MIC (Michael) failure event .................................................................................. 368
10.3.19.1 MLME-MICHAELMICFAILURE.indication .................................... 368
10.3.20 EAPOL................................................................................................................... 369
10.3.20.1 MLME-EAPOL.request....................................................................... 369
10.3.20.2 MLME-EAPOL.confirm...................................................................... 370
10.3.21 MLME-PeerKeySTART........................................................................................ 371
10.3.21.1 MLME- PeerKeySTART.request ........................................................ 371
10.3.22 SetProtection.......................................................................................................... 372
10.3.22.1 MLME-SETPROTECTION.request.................................................... 372
10.3.22.2 MLME-SETPROTECTION.confirm .................................................. 373
10.3.23 MLME-PROTECTEDFRAMEDROPPED........................................................... 374
10.3.23.1 MLME- PROTECTEDFRAMEDROPPED.indication ....................... 374
10.3.24 TS management interface ...................................................................................... 375
10.3.24.1 MLME-ADDTS.request ...................................................................... 375
10.3.24.2 MLME-ADDTS.confirm ..................................................................... 377
10.3.24.3 MLME-ADDTS.indication.................................................................. 379
10.3.24.4 MLME-ADDTS.response.................................................................... 381
10.3.24.5 MLME-DELTS.request ....................................................................... 383
10.3.24.6 MLME-DELTS.confirm ...................................................................... 384
10.3.24.7 MLME-DELTS.indication................................................................... 385
10.3.25 Management of direct links ................................................................................... 386
10.3.25.1 MLME-DLS.request ............................................................................ 386
10.3.25.2 MLME-DLS.confirm........................................................................... 387
10.3.25.3 MLME-DLS.indication........................................................................ 388
10.3.25.4 MLME-DLSTeardown.request............................................................ 389
10.3.25.5 MLME-DLSTeardown.confirm........................................................... 390
Copyright © 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved. xix
10.3.25.6 MLME-DLSTeardown.indication ....................................................... 391
10.3.26 Higher layer synchronization support.................................................................... 392
10.3.26.1 MLME-HL-SYNC.request .................................................................. 392
10.3.26.2 MLME-HL-SYNC.confirm ................................................................. 393
10.3.26.3 MLME-HL-SYNC.indication.............................................................. 394
10.3.27 Block Ack .............................................................................................................. 395
10.3.27.1 MLME-ADDBA.request ..................................................................... 395
10.3.27.2 MLME-ADDBA.confirm .................................................................... 397
10.3.27.3 MLME-ADDBA.indication................................................................. 398
10.3.27.4 MLME-ADDBA.response................................................................... 399
10.3.27.5 MLME-DELBA.request ...................................................................... 400
10.3.27.6 MLME-DELBA.confirm ..................................................................... 401
10.3.27.7 MLME-DELBA.indication.................................................................. 402
10.3.28 Schedule element management.............................................................................. 403
10.3.28.1 MLME-SCHEDULE.request............................................................... 403
10.3.28.2 MLME-SCHEDULE.confirm.............................................................. 404
10.3.28.3 MLME-SCHEDULE.indication .......................................................... 405
10.3.29 Vendor-specific action........................................................................................... 406
10.3.29.1 MLME-VSPECIFIC.request................................................................ 406
10.3.29.2 MLME-VSPECIFIC.confirm .............................................................. 407
10.3.29.3 MLME-VSPECIFIC.indication ........................................................... 408
10.4 PLME SAP interface............................................................................................................. 409
10.4.1 PLME-RESET.request........................................................................................... 409
10.4.1.1 Function ............................................................................................... 409
10.4.1.2 Semantics of the service primitive....................................................... 409
10.4.1.3 When generated ................................................................................... 409
10.4.1.4 Effect of receipt ................................................................................... 409
10.4.2 PLME-CHARACTERISTICS.request .................................................................. 410
10.4.2.1 Function ............................................................................................... 410
10.4.2.2 Semantics of the service primitive....................................................... 410
10.4.2.3 When generated ................................................................................... 410
10.4.2.4 Effect of receipt ................................................................................... 410
10.4.3 PLME-CHARACTERISTICS.confirm ................................................................. 411
10.4.3.1 Function ............................................................................................... 411
10.4.3.2 Semantics of the service primitive....................................................... 411
10.4.3.3 When generated ................................................................................... 412
10.4.3.4 Effect of receipt ................................................................................... 412
10.4.4 PLME-DSSSTESTMODE.request ........................................................................ 413
10.4.4.1 Function ............................................................................................... 413
10.4.4.2 Semantics of the service primitive....................................................... 413
10.4.4.3 When generated ................................................................................... 414
10.4.4.4 Effect of receipt ................................................................................... 414
10.4.5 PLME-DSSSTESTOUTPUT.request .................................................................... 415
10.4.5.1 Function ............................................................................................... 415
10.4.5.2 Semantics of the service primitive....................................................... 415
10.4.5.3 When generated ................................................................................... 415
10.4.5.4 Effect of receipt ................................................................................... 415
10.4.6 PLME-TXTIME.request........................................................................................ 416
10.4.6.1 Function ............................................................................................... 416
10.4.6.2 Semantics of the service primitive....................................................... 416
10.4.6.3 When generated ................................................................................... 416
10.4.6.4 Effect of receipt ................................................................................... 416
10.4.7 PLME-TXTIME.confirm....................................................................................... 417
10.4.7.1 Function ............................................................................................... 417
xx Copyright © 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved.
10.4.7.2 Semantics of the service primitive....................................................... 417
10.4.7.3 When generated ................................................................................... 417
10.4.7.4 Effect of receipt ................................................................................... 417
11. MLME ............................................................................................................................................ 419
11.1 Synchronization .................................................................................................................... 419
11.1.1 Basic approach....................................................................................................... 419
11.1.1.1 TSF for infrastructure networks........................................................... 419
11.1.1.2 TSF for an IBSS................................................................................... 419
11.1.2 Maintaining synchronization ................................................................................. 419
11.1.2.1 Beacon generation in infrastructure networks ..................................... 419
11.1.2.2 Beacon generation in an IBSS ............................................................. 420
11.1.2.3 Beacon reception.................................................................................. 421
11.1.2.4 TSF timer accuracy.............................................................................. 421
11.1.3 Acquiring synchronization, scanning .................................................................... 421
11.1.3.1 Passive scanning .................................................................................. 422
11.1.3.2 Active scanning.................................................................................... 422
11.1.3.3 Initializing a BSS ................................................................................. 423
11.1.3.4 Synchronizing with a BSS ................................................................... 424
11.1.4 Adjusting STA timers ............................................................................................ 424
11.1.5 Timing synchronization for FH PHYs................................................................... 424
11.2 Power management ............................................................................................................... 425
11.2.1 Power management in an infrastructure network .................................................. 425
11.2.1.1 STA Power Management modes ......................................................... 425
11.2.1.2 AP TIM transmissions ......................................................................... 426
11.2.1.3 TIM types............................................................................................. 426
11.2.1.4 Power management with APSD .......................................................... 427
11.2.1.5 AP operation during the CP................................................................. 429
11.2.1.6 AP operation during the CFP............................................................... 431
11.2.1.7 Receive operation for STAs in PS mode during the CP ...................... 432
11.2.1.8 Receive operation for STAs in PS mode during the CFP.................... 432
11.2.1.9 Receive operation for non-AP STAs using APSD .............................. 433
11.2.1.10 STAs operating in the Active mode..................................................... 433
11.2.1.11 AP aging function ................................................................................ 433
11.2.2 Power management in an IBSS ............................................................................. 433
11.2.2.1 Basic approach..................................................................................... 433
11.2.2.2 Initialization of power management within an IBSS........................... 435
11.2.2.3 STA power state transitions................................................................. 435
11.2.2.4 ATIM and frame transmission............................................................. 435
11.3 STA authentication and association ...................................................................................... 436
11.3.1 Authentication and deauthentication ..................................................................... 438
11.3.1.1 Authentication—originating STA........................................................ 438
11.3.1.2 Authentication—destination STA........................................................ 439
11.3.1.3 Deauthentication—originating STA .................................................... 439
11.3.1.4 Deauthentication—destination STA .................................................... 439
11.3.2 Association, reassociation, and disassociation ...................................................... 440
11.3.2.1 STA association procedures................................................................. 440
11.3.2.2 AP association procedures ................................................................... 440
11.3.2.3 STA reassociation procedures ............................................................. 441
11.3.2.4 AP reassociation procedures................................................................ 441
11.3.2.5 STA disassociation procedures............................................................ 442
11.3.2.6 Non-AP STA disassociation receipt procedure ................................... 442
11.3.2.7 AP disassociation initiation procedure ................................................ 443
Copyright © 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved. xxi
11.3.2.8 AP disassociation receipt procedure .................................................... 443
11.4 TS operation......................................................................................................................... 443
11.4.1 Introduction............................................................................................................ 443
11.4.2 TSPEC construction............................................................................................... 444
11.4.3 TS lifecycle ............................................................................................................ 444
11.4.4 TS setup ................................................................................................................. 445
11.4.5 Failed TS setup ...................................................................................................... 447
11.4.6 Data transfer........................................................................................................... 447
11.4.7 TS deletion............................................................................................................. 448
11.4.8 TS timeout.............................................................................................................. 449
11.4.9 TS suspension ........................................................................................................ 450
11.4.10 TS Reinstatement................................................................................................... 450
11.5 Block Ack operation ............................................................................................................. 450
11.5.1 Setup and modification of the Block Ack parameters ........................................... 450
11.5.1.1 Procedure at the originator................................................................... 450
11.5.1.2 Procedure at the recipient .................................................................... 452
11.5.2 Teardown of the Block Ack mechanism................................................................ 452
11.5.2.1 Procedure at the initiator of the Block Ack teardown ......................... 453
11.5.2.2 Procedure at the recipient of the DELBA frame.................................. 453
11.5.3 Error recovery upon a peer failure ......................................................................... 453
11.6 Higher layer timer synchronization....................................................................................... 455
11.6.1 Introduction............................................................................................................ 455
11.6.2 Procedure at the STA............................................................................................. 456
11.7 DLS operation ....................................................................................................................... 456
11.7.1 DLS procedures ..................................................................................................... 457
11.7.1.1 Setup procedure at the QoS STA......................................................... 457
11.7.1.2 Setup procedure at the AP ................................................................... 458
11.7.2 Data transfer after setup......................................................................................... 458
11.7.3 DLS teardown ........................................................................................................ 459
11.7.3.1 STA-initiated DLS teardown procedure .............................................. 459
11.7.3.2 Teardown procedure at the AP ............................................................ 460
11.7.3.3 AP-initiated DLS teardown procedure ................................................ 460
11.7.4 Error recovery upon a peer failure ......................................................................... 460
11.7.5 Secure DLS operation............................................................................................ 461
11.8 TPC procedures..................................................................................................................... 461
11.8.1 Association based on transmit power capability.................................................... 462
11.8.2 Specification of regulatory and local maximum transmit power levels ................ 462
11.8.3 Selection of a transmit power ................................................................................ 463
11.8.4 Adaptation of the transmit power .......................................................................... 463
11.9 DFS procedures..................................................................................................................... 463
11.9.1 Association based on supported channels.............................................................. 464
11.9.2 Quieting channels for testing ................................................................................. 464
11.9.3 Testing channels for radars .................................................................................... 465
11.9.4 Discontinuing operations after detecting radars .................................................... 465
11.9.5 Detecting radars ..................................................................................................... 465
11.9.6 Requesting and reporting of measurements........................................................... 465
11.9.7 Selecting and advertising a new channel ............................................................... 466
11.9.7.1 Selecting and advertising a new channel in an infrastructure BSS...... 466
11.9.7.2 Selecting and advertising a new channel in an IBSS........................... 467
12. PHY service specification................................................................................................................ 469
12.1 Scope.................................................................................................................................... 469
12.2 PHY functions...................................................................................................................... 469
xxii Copyright © 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved.
12.3 Detailed PHY service specifications..................................................................................... 469
12.3.1 Scope and field of application ............................................................................... 469
12.3.2 Overview of the service ......................................................................................... 469
12.3.3 Overview of interactions........................................................................................ 469
12.3.4 Basic service and options....................................................................................... 469
12.3.4.1 PHY-SAP peer-to-peer service primitives........................................... 470
12.3.4.2 PHY-SAP sublayer-to-sublayer service primitives ............................. 470
12.3.4.3 PHY-SAP service primitives parameters............................................. 470
12.3.4.4 Vector descriptions .............................................................................. 471
12.3.5 PHY-SAP detailed service specification ............................................................... 472
12.3.5.1 PHY-DATA.request ............................................................................ 472
12.3.5.2 PHY-DATA.indication ........................................................................ 473
12.3.5.3 PHY-DATA.confirm ........................................................................... 474
12.3.5.4 PHY-TXSTART.request...................................................................... 475
12.3.5.5 PHY-TXSTART.confirm .................................................................... 476
12.3.5.6 PHY-TXEND.request.......................................................................... 477
12.3.5.7 PHY-TXEND.confirm......................................................................... 478
12.3.5.8 PHY-CCARESET.request ................................................................... 479
12.3.5.9 PHY-CCARESET.confirm .................................................................. 480
12.3.5.10 PHY-CCA.indication........................................................................... 481
12.3.5.11 PHY-RXSTART.indication................................................................. 482
12.3.5.12 PHY-RXEND.indication ..................................................................... 483
13. PHY management........................................................................................................................... 485
14. Frequency-Hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) PHY specification for the 2.4 GHz industrial,
scientific, and medical (ISM) band.................................................................................................. 487
14.1 Overview.............................................................................................................................. 487
14.1.1 Overview of FHSS PHY........................................................................................ 487
14.1.2 FHSS PHY functions ............................................................................................. 487
14.1.2.1 PLCP sublayer ..................................................................................... 487
14.1.2.2 PLME................................................................................................... 487
14.1.2.3 PMD sublayer ...................................................................................... 487
14.1.3 Service specification method and notation ............................................................ 487
14.2 FHSS PHY-specific service parameter lists.......................................................................... 488
14.2.1 Overview................................................................................................................ 488
14.2.2 TXVECTOR parameters........................................................................................ 488
14.2.2.1 TXVECTOR LENGTH....................................................................... 488
14.2.2.2 TXVECTOR DATARATE................................................................. 488
14.2.3 RXVECTOR parameters ....................................................................................... 488
14.2.3.1 TRXVECTOR LENGTH .................................................................... 489
14.2.3.2 RXVECTOR RSSI .............................................................................. 489
14.3 FHSS PLCP sublayer ............................................................................................................ 489
14.3.1 Overview................................................................................................................ 489
14.3.1.1 State diagram notation ......................................................................... 489
14.3.2 PLCP frame format................................................................................................ 490
14.3.2.1 PLCP Preamble field ........................................................................... 491
14.3.2.2 PLCP Header field ............................................................................... 491
14.3.2.3 PLCP data whitener ............................................................................. 492
14.3.3 PLCP state machines ............................................................................................. 493
14.3.3.1 Transmit PLCP .................................................................................... 493
14.3.3.2 CS/CCA procedure .............................................................................. 496
14.3.3.3 Receive PLCP...................................................................................... 499
Copyright © 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved. xxiii
14.4 PLME SAP layer management ............................................................................................. 502
14.4.1 Overview................................................................................................................ 502
14.4.2 FH PHY specific MLME procedures .................................................................... 502
14.4.2.1 Overview.............................................................................................. 502
14.4.2.2 FH synchronization.............................................................................. 502
14.4.3 FH PLME state machines ...................................................................................... 502
14.4.3.1 Overview.............................................................................................. 502
14.4.3.2 PLME state machine............................................................................ 502
14.4.3.3 PLME management primitives ............................................................ 504
14.5 FHSS PMD sublayer services ............................................................................................... 505
14.5.1 Scope and field of application ............................................................................... 505
14.5.2 Overview of services ............................................................................................. 505
14.5.3 Overview of interactions........................................................................................ 505
14.5.4 Basic service and options....................................................................................... 505
14.5.4.1 PMD_SAP peer-to-peer service primitives ......................................... 505
14.5.4.2 PMD_SAP sublayer-to-sublayer service primitives ............................ 506
14.5.4.3 PMD_SAP service primitives parameters ........................................... 506
14.5.5 PMD_SAP detailed service specification .............................................................. 507
14.5.5.1 PMD_DATA.request ........................................................................... 507
14.5.5.2 PMD_DATA.indicate.......................................................................... 508
14.5.5.3 PMD_TXRX.request ........................................................................... 509
14.5.5.4 PMD_PA_RAMP.request.................................................................... 510
14.5.5.5 PMD_ANTSEL.request....................................................................... 511
14.5.5.6 PMD_TXPWRLVL.request ................................................................ 512
14.5.5.7 PMD_FREQ.request............................................................................ 513
14.5.5.8 PMD_RSSI.indicate............................................................................. 514
14.5.5.9 PMD_PWRMGMT.request ................................................................. 515
14.6 FHSS PMD sublayer, 1.0 Mb/s............................................................................................. 516
14.6.1 1 Mb/s PMD operating specifications, general...................................................... 516
14.6.2 Regulatory requirements........................................................................................ 516
14.6.3 Operating frequency range..................................................................................... 516
14.6.4 Number of operating channels............................................................................... 516
14.6.5 Operating channel center frequency ...................................................................... 517
14.6.6 Occupied channel bandwidth................................................................................. 519
14.6.7 Minimum hop rate ................................................................................................. 519
14.6.8 Hop sequences ....................................................................................................... 519
14.6.9 Unwanted emissions .............................................................................................. 522
14.6.10 Modulation............................................................................................................. 522
14.6.11 Channel data rate ................................................................................................... 523
14.6.12 Channel switching/settling time............................................................................. 523
14.6.13 Receive to transmit switch time............................................................................. 523
14.6.14 PMD transmit specifications.................................................................................. 523
14.6.14.1 Nominal transmit power ...................................................................... 523
14.6.14.2 Transmit power levels.......................................................................... 524
14.6.14.3 Transmit power level control............................................................... 524
14.6.14.4 Transmit spectrum shape ..................................................................... 524
14.6.14.5 Transmit center frequency tolerance.................................................... 524
14.6.14.6 Transmitter ramp periods..................................................................... 524
14.6.15 PMD receiver specifications.................................................................................. 525
14.6.15.1 Input signal range................................................................................. 525
14.6.15.2 Receive center frequency acceptance range ........................................ 525
14.6.15.3 CCA power threshold .......................................................................... 525
14.6.15.4 Receiver sensitivity.............................................................................. 525
14.6.15.5 Intermodulation.................................................................................... 525
xxiv Copyright © 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved.
14.6.15.6 Desensitization (Dp) ............................................................................ 526
14.6.15.7 Receiver radiation ................................................................................ 526
14.6.16 Operating temperature range ................................................................................. 526
14.7 FHSS PMD sublayer, 2.0 Mb/s............................................................................................. 526
14.7.1 Overview................................................................................................................ 526
14.7.2 4GFSK modulation ................................................................................................ 526
14.7.2.1 Frame structure for HS FHSS PHY..................................................... 528
14.7.3 Channel data rate ................................................................................................... 528
14.7.3.1 Input dynamic range ............................................................................ 528
14.7.3.2 Receiver sensitivity.............................................................................. 528
14.7.3.3 IMp....................................................................................................... 528
14.7.3.4 Dp......................................................................................................... 528
14.8 FHSS PHY MIB.................................................................................................................... 529
14.8.1 FH PHY attributes ................................................................................................. 529
14.8.2 FH PHY attribute definitions................................................................................. 530
14.8.2.1 dot11PHYType .................................................................................... 530
14.8.2.2 dot11RegDomainsSupported ............................................................... 531
14.8.2.3 dot11CurrentRegDomain..................................................................... 531
14.8.2.4 dot11TempType................................................................................... 531
14.8.2.5 dot11CurrentPowerState...................................................................... 531
14.8.2.6 dot11SupportedDataRatesTX .............................................................. 531
14.8.2.7 dot11SupportedDataRatesRX.............................................................. 532
14.8.2.8 aMPDUMaxLength ............................................................................. 532
14.8.2.9 dot11SupportedTxAntennas ................................................................ 532
14.8.2.10 dot11CurrentTxAntenna ...................................................................... 533
14.8.2.11 dot11SupportedRxAntenna.................................................................. 533
14.8.2.12 dot11DiversitySupport......................................................................... 533
14.8.2.13 dot11DiversitySelectionRx.................................................................. 533
14.8.2.14 dot11NumberSupportedPowerLevels.................................................. 534
14.8.2.15 dot11TxPowerLevel1-8 ....................................................................... 534
14.8.2.16 dot11CurrentTxPowerLevel ................................................................ 534
14.8.2.17 dot11HopTime ..................................................................................... 534
14.8.2.18 dot11CurrentChannelNumber.............................................................. 535
14.8.2.19 dot11MaxDwellTime........................................................................... 535
14.8.2.20 dot11CurrentSet ................................................................................... 535
14.8.2.21 dot11CurrentPattern............................................................................. 535
14.8.2.22 dot11CurrentIndex ............................................................................... 535
14.8.2.23 dot11CurrentPowerState...................................................................... 535
14.9 FH PHY characteristics......................................................................................................... 536
15. DSSS PHY specification for the 2.4 GHz band designated for ISM applications .......................... 537
15.1 Overview.............................................................................................................................. 537
15.1.1 Scope...................................................................................................................... 537
15.1.2 DSSS PHY functions ............................................................................................. 537
15.1.2.1 PLCP sublayer ..................................................................................... 537
15.1.2.2 PMD sublayer ...................................................................................... 537
15.1.2.3 PLME................................................................................................... 537
15.1.3 Service specification method and notation ............................................................ 537
15.2 DSSS PLCP sublayer ............................................................................................................ 538
15.2.1 Overview................................................................................................................ 538
15.2.2 PLCP frame format................................................................................................ 538
15.2.3 PLCP field definitions ........................................................................................... 538
15.2.3.1 PLCP SYNC field................................................................................ 538
Copyright © 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved. xxv
15.2.3.2 PLCP SFD............................................................................................ 538
15.2.3.3 PLCP IEEE 802.11 SIGNAL field ...................................................... 539
15.2.3.4 PLCP IEEE 802.11 SERVICE field .................................................... 539
15.2.3.5 PLCP LENGTH field........................................................................... 539
15.2.3.6 PLCP CRC field................................................................................... 539
15.2.4 PLCP/DSSS PHY data scrambler and descrambler .............................................. 541
15.2.5 PLCP data modulation and modulation rate change.............................................. 541
15.2.6 Transmit PLCP ...................................................................................................... 541
15.2.7 Receive PLCP ........................................................................................................ 542
15.3 DSSS PLME ......................................................................................................................... 545
15.3.1 PLME_SAP sublayer management primitives ...................................................... 545
15.3.2 DSSS PHY MIB .................................................................................................... 546
15.3.3 DS PHY characteristics ......................................................................................... 547
15.4 DSSS PMD sublayer ............................................................................................................. 547
15.4.1 Scope and field of application ............................................................................... 547
15.4.2 Overview of service ............................................................................................... 548
15.4.3 Overview of interactions........................................................................................ 548
15.4.4 Basic service and options....................................................................................... 548
15.4.4.1 PMD_SAP peer-to-peer service primitives ......................................... 548
15.4.4.2 PMD_SAP peer-to-peer service primitive parameters ........................ 549
15.4.4.3 PMD_SAP sublayer-to-sublayer service primitives ............................ 549
15.4.4.4 PMD_SAP service primitive parameters............................................. 550
15.4.5 PMD_SAP detailed service specification .............................................................. 551
15.4.5.1 PMD_DATA.request ........................................................................... 551
15.4.5.2 PMD_DATA.indicate.......................................................................... 552
15.4.5.3 PMD_TXSTART.request .................................................................... 553
15.4.5.4 PMD_TXEND.request......................................................................... 554
15.4.5.5 PMD_ANTSEL.request....................................................................... 555
15.4.5.6 PMD_ANTSEL.indicate...................................................................... 556
15.4.5.7 PMD_TXPWRLVL.request ................................................................ 557
15.4.5.8 PMD_RATE.request............................................................................ 558
15.4.5.9 PMD_RATE.indicate........................................................................... 559
15.4.5.10 PMD_RSSI.indicate............................................................................. 560
15.4.5.11 PMD_SQ.indicate ................................................................................ 561
15.4.5.12 PMD_CS.indicate ................................................................................ 562
15.4.5.13 PMD_ED.indicate................................................................................ 563
15.4.5.14 PMD_ED.request................................................................................. 564
15.4.5.15 PHY-CCA.indicate .............................................................................. 565
15.4.6 PMD operating specifications, general.................................................................. 566
15.4.6.1 Operating frequency range................................................................... 566
15.4.6.2 Number of operating channels............................................................. 566
15.4.6.3 Spreading sequence.............................................................................. 567
15.4.6.4 Modulation and channel data rates ...................................................... 567
15.4.6.5 Transmit and receive in-band and out-of-band spurious emissions .... 567
15.4.6.6 TX-to-RX turnaround time .................................................................. 567
15.4.6.7 RX-to-TX turnaround time .................................................................. 568
15.4.6.8 Slot time............................................................................................... 568
15.4.6.9 Transmit and receive antenna port impedance .................................... 568
15.4.6.10 Transmit and receive operating temperature range.............................. 568
15.4.7 PMD transmit specifications.................................................................................. 568
15.4.7.1 Transmit power levels.......................................................................... 568
15.4.7.2 Minimum transmitted power level....................................................... 568
15.4.7.3 Transmit power level control............................................................... 568
15.4.7.4 Transmit spectrum mask...................................................................... 568
xxvi Copyright © 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved.
15.4.7.5 Transmit center frequency tolerance.................................................... 569
15.4.7.6 Chip clock frequency tolerance ........................................................... 569
15.4.7.7 Transmit power-on and power-down ramp ......................................... 569
15.4.7.8 RF carrier suppression ......................................................................... 570
15.4.7.9 Transmit modulation accuracy............................................................. 570
15.4.8 PMD receiver specifications.................................................................................. 572
15.4.8.1 Receiver minimum input level sensitivity ........................................... 572
15.4.8.2 Receiver maximum input level ............................................................ 572
15.4.8.3 Receiver adjacent channel rejection .................................................... 572
15.4.8.4 CCA ..................................................................................................... 573
16. Infrared (IR) PHY specification ...................................................................................................... 575
16.1 Overview.............................................................................................................................. 575
16.1.1 Scope...................................................................................................................... 576
16.1.2 IR PHY functions................................................................................................... 576
16.1.2.1 PLCP sublayer ..................................................................................... 576
16.1.2.2 PMD sublayer ...................................................................................... 576
16.1.2.3 PLME................................................................................................... 576
16.1.3 Service specification method and notation ............................................................ 576
16.2 IR PLCP sublayer.................................................................................................................. 577
16.2.1 Overview................................................................................................................ 577
16.2.2 PLCP frame format................................................................................................ 577
16.2.3 PLCP modulation and rate change......................................................................... 577
16.2.4 PLCP field definitions ........................................................................................... 578
16.2.4.1 PLCP SYNC field................................................................................ 578
16.2.4.2 PLCP SFD field ................................................................................... 578
16.2.4.3 PLCP DR field ..................................................................................... 578
16.2.4.4 PLCP DCLA field................................................................................ 578
16.2.4.5 PLCP LENGTH field........................................................................... 578
16.2.4.6 PLCP CRC field................................................................................... 579
16.2.4.7 PSDU field........................................................................................... 579
16.2.5 PLCPs .................................................................................................................... 579
16.2.5.1 Transmit PLCP .................................................................................... 579
16.2.5.2 Receive PLCP...................................................................................... 579
16.2.5.3 CCA procedure .................................................................................... 580
16.2.5.4 PMD_SAP peer-to-peer service primitive parameters ........................ 580
16.3 IR PMD sublayer .................................................................................................................. 581
16.3.1 Overview................................................................................................................ 581
16.3.2 PMD operating specifications, general.................................................................. 581
16.3.2.1 Modulation and channel data rates ...................................................... 581
16.3.2.2 Octet partition and PPM symbol generation procedure....................... 582
16.3.2.3 Operating environment ........................................................................ 582
16.3.2.4 Operating temperature range ............................................................... 582
16.3.3 PMD transmit specifications.................................................................................. 583
16.3.3.1 Transmitted peak optical power........................................................... 583
16.3.3.2 Basic pulse shape and parameters........................................................ 583
16.3.3.3 Emitter radiation pattern mask............................................................. 583
16.3.3.4 Optical emitter peak wavelength ......................................................... 586
16.3.3.5 Transmit spectrum mask...................................................................... 586
16.3.4 PMD receiver specifications.................................................................................. 586
16.3.4.1 Receiver sensitivity.............................................................................. 586
16.3.4.2 Receiver dynamic range....................................................................... 586
16.3.4.3 Receiver field of view (FOV) .............................................................. 586
Copyright © 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved. xxvii
16.3.5 ED, CS, and CCA definitions ................................................................................ 587
16.3.5.1 ED signal.............................................................................................. 587
16.3.5.2 CS signal .............................................................................................. 587
16.3.5.3 CCA ..................................................................................................... 587
16.3.5.4 CHNL_ID ............................................................................................ 588
16.4 PHY attributes...................................................................................................................... 588
17. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) PHY specification for the 5 GHz band ..... 591
17.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 591
17.1.1 Scope...................................................................................................................... 591
17.1.2 OFDM PHY functions ........................................................................................... 591
17.1.2.1 PLCP sublayer ..................................................................................... 591
17.1.2.2 PMD sublayer ...................................................................................... 592
17.1.2.3 PLME................................................................................................... 592
17.1.2.4 Service specification method ............................................................... 592
17.2 OFDM PHY specific service parameter list.......................................................................... 592
17.2.1 Introduction............................................................................................................ 592
17.2.2 TXVECTOR parameters........................................................................................ 592
17.2.2.1 TXVECTOR LENGTH....................................................................... 592
17.2.2.2 TXVECTOR DATARATE.................................................................. 592
17.2.2.3 TXVECTOR SERVICE ...................................................................... 593
17.2.2.4 TXVECTOR TXPWR_LEVEL .......................................................... 593
17.2.3 RXVECTOR parameters ....................................................................................... 593
17.2.3.1 RXVECTOR LENGTH....................................................................... 594
17.2.3.2 RXVECTOR RSSI .............................................................................. 594
17.2.3.3 DATARATE........................................................................................ 594
17.2.3.4 SERVICE............................................................................................. 594
17.3 OFDM PLCP sublayer .......................................................................................................... 594
17.3.1 Introduction............................................................................................................ 594
17.3.2 PLCP frame format................................................................................................ 595
17.3.2.1 Overview of the PPDU encoding process............................................ 595
17.3.2.2 Modulation-dependent parameters ...................................................... 596
17.3.2.3 Timing related parameters ................................................................... 597
17.3.2.4 Mathematical conventions in the signal descriptions .......................... 598
17.3.2.5 Discrete time implementation considerations...................................... 599
17.3.3 PLCP preamble (SYNC)........................................................................................ 600
17.3.4 SIGNAL field ........................................................................................................ 601
17.3.4.1 RATE field........................................................................................... 602
17.3.4.2 PLCP LENGTH field........................................................................... 602
17.3.4.3 Parity (P), Reserved (R), and SIGNAL TAIL fields ........................... 603
17.3.5 DATA field ............................................................................................................ 603
17.3.5.1 SERVICE field .................................................................................... 603
17.3.5.2 PPDU TAIL field................................................................................. 603
17.3.5.3 Pad bits (PAD) ..................................................................................... 603
17.3.5.4 PLCP DATA scrambler and descrambler............................................ 604
17.3.5.5 Convolutional encoder......................................................................... 604
17.3.5.6 Data interleaving.................................................................................. 605
17.3.5.7 Subcarrier modulation mapping........................................................... 607
17.3.5.8 Pilot subcarriers ................................................................................... 610
17.3.5.9 OFDM modulation............................................................................... 610
17.3.6 CCA ....................................................................................................................... 611
17.3.7 PLCP data modulation and modulation rate change.............................................. 611
17.3.8 PMD operating specifications (general) ................................................................ 612
xxviii Copyright © 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved.
17.3.8.1 Outline description............................................................................... 612
17.3.8.2 Regulatory requirements...................................................................... 613
17.3.8.3 Operating channel frequencies............................................................. 613
17.3.8.4 Transmit and receive in-band and out-of-band spurious emissions .... 614
17.3.8.5 TX RF delay......................................................................................... 614
17.3.8.6 Slot time............................................................................................... 614
17.3.8.7 Transmit and receive antenna port impedance .................................... 614
17.3.8.8 Transmit and receive operating temperature range.............................. 614
17.3.9 PMD transmit specifications.................................................................................. 614
17.3.9.1 Transmit power levels.......................................................................... 614
17.3.9.2 Transmit spectrum mask...................................................................... 614
17.3.9.3 Transmission spurious ......................................................................... 614
17.3.9.4 Transmit center frequency tolerance.................................................... 615
17.3.9.5 Symbol clock frequency tolerance....................................................... 615
17.3.9.6 Modulation accuracy............................................................................ 615
17.3.9.7 Transmit modulation accuracy test ...................................................... 616
17.3.10 PMD receiver specifications.................................................................................. 617
17.3.10.1 Receiver minimum input sensitivity .................................................... 617
17.3.10.2 Adjacent channel rejection................................................................... 618
17.3.10.3 Nonadjacent channel rejection............................................................. 618
17.3.10.4 Receiver maximum input level ............................................................ 618
17.3.10.5 CCA sensitivity.................................................................................... 618
17.3.11 Transmit PLCP ...................................................................................................... 618
17.3.12 Receive PLCP ........................................................................................................ 621
17.4 OFDM PLME ....................................................................................................................... 622
17.4.1 PLME_SAP sublayer management primitives ...................................................... 622
17.4.2 OFDM PHY MIB .................................................................................................. 622
17.4.3 OFDM TXTIME calculation ................................................................................. 625
17.4.4 OFDM PHY characteristics ................................................................................... 625
17.5 OFDM PMD sublayer ........................................................................................................... 627
17.5.1 Scope and field of application ............................................................................... 627
17.5.2 Overview of service ............................................................................................... 627
17.5.3 Overview of interactions........................................................................................ 627
17.5.4 Basic service and options....................................................................................... 627
17.5.4.1 PMD_SAP peer-to-peer service primitives ......................................... 627
17.5.4.2 PMD_SAP sublayer-to-sublayer service primitives ............................ 628
17.5.4.3 PMD_SAP service primitive parameters............................................. 628
17.5.5 PMD_SAP detailed service specification .............................................................. 629
17.5.5.1 PMD_DATA.request ........................................................................... 629
17.5.5.2 PMD_DATA.indicate.......................................................................... 630
17.5.5.3 PMD_TXSTART.request .................................................................... 631
17.5.5.4 PMD_TXEND.request......................................................................... 632
17.5.5.5 PMD_TXPWRLVL.request ................................................................ 633
17.5.5.6 PMD_RATE.request............................................................................ 634
17.5.5.7 PMD_RSSI.indicate............................................................................. 635
18. High Rate direct sequence spread spectrum (HR/DSSS) PHY specification.................................. 637
18.1 Overview.............................................................................................................................. 637
18.1.1 Scope...................................................................................................................... 637
18.1.2 High Rate PHY functions ...................................................................................... 637
18.1.2.1 PLCP sublayer ..................................................................................... 638
18.1.2.2 PMD sublayer ...................................................................................... 638
18.1.2.3 PLME................................................................................................... 638
Copyright © 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved. xxix
18.1.3 Service specification method and notation ............................................................ 638
18.2 High Rate PLCP sublayer ..................................................................................................... 638
18.2.1 Overview................................................................................................................ 638
18.2.2 PPDU format.......................................................................................................... 638
18.2.2.1 Long PPDU format .............................................................................. 639
18.2.2.2 Short PPDU format.............................................................................. 639
18.2.3 PPDU field definitions........................................................................................... 639
18.2.3.1 Long PLCP SYNC field ...................................................................... 640
18.2.3.2 Long PLCP SFD.................................................................................. 640
18.2.3.3 Long PLCP SIGNAL field .................................................................. 640
18.2.3.4 Long PLCP SERVICE field ................................................................ 641
18.2.3.5 Long PLCP LENGTH field ................................................................. 641
18.2.3.6 PLCP CRC (CRC-16) field.................................................................. 643
18.2.3.7 Long PLCP data modulation and modulation rate change .................. 645
18.2.3.8 Short PLCP synchronization (shortSYNC) ......................................... 645
18.2.3.9 Short PLCP SFD field (shortSFD)....................................................... 645
18.2.3.10 Short PLCP SIGNAL field (shortSIGNAL)........................................ 646
18.2.3.11 Short PLCP SERVICE field (shortSERVICE).................................... 646
18.2.3.12 Short PLCP LENGTH field (shortLENGTH) ..................................... 646
18.2.3.13 Short CRC-16 field (shortCRC) .......................................................... 646
18.2.3.14 Short PLCP data modulation and modulation rate change .................. 646
18.2.4 PLCP/High Rate PHY data scrambler and descrambler........................................ 646
18.2.5 Transmit PLCP ...................................................................................................... 647
18.2.6 Receive PLCP ........................................................................................................ 649
18.3 High Rate PLME................................................................................................................... 652
18.3.1 PLME_SAP sublayer management primitives ...................................................... 652
18.3.2 High Rate PHY MIB.............................................................................................. 653
18.3.3 DS PHY characteristics ......................................................................................... 654
18.3.4 High Rate TXTIME calculation ............................................................................ 655
18.3.5 Vector descriptions ................................................................................................ 655
18.4 High Rate PMD sublayer ...................................................................................................... 656
18.4.1 Scope and field of application ............................................................................... 656
18.4.2 Overview of service ............................................................................................... 656
18.4.3 Overview of interactions........................................................................................ 656
18.4.4 Basic service and options....................................................................................... 656
18.4.4.1 PMD_SAP peer-to-peer service primitives ......................................... 657
18.4.4.2 PMD_SAP sublayer-to-sublayer service primitives ............................ 657
18.4.5 PMD_SAP detailed service specification .............................................................. 658
18.4.5.1 PMD_DATA.request ........................................................................... 658
18.4.5.2 PMD_DATA.indicate.......................................................................... 659
18.4.5.3 PMD_MODULATION.request ........................................................... 660
18.4.5.4 PMD_PREAMBLE.request................................................................. 661
18.4.5.5 PMD_PREAMBLE.indicate................................................................ 662
18.4.5.6 PMD_TXSTART.request .................................................................... 663
18.4.5.7 PMD_TXEND.request......................................................................... 664
18.4.5.8 PMD_ANTSEL.request....................................................................... 665
18.4.5.9 PMD_TXPWRLVL.request ................................................................ 666
18.4.5.10 PMD_RATE.request............................................................................ 667
18.4.5.11 PMD_RSSI.indicate............................................................................. 668
18.4.5.12 PMD_SQ.indicate ................................................................................ 669
18.4.5.13 PMD_CS.indicate ................................................................................ 670
18.4.5.14 PMD_ED.indicate................................................................................ 671
18.4.5.15 PMD_ED.request................................................................................. 672
18.4.6 PMD operating specifications, general.................................................................. 673
xxx Copyright © 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved.
18.4.6.1 Operating frequency range................................................................... 673
18.4.6.2 Number of operating channels............................................................. 673
18.4.6.3 Modulation and channel data rates ...................................................... 674
18.4.6.4 Spreading sequence and modulation for 1 Mb/s and 2 Mb/s............... 674
18.4.6.5 Spreading sequences and modulation for CCK modulation at
5.5 Mb/s and 11 Mb/s .......................................................................... 674
18.4.6.6 DSSS/PBCC data modulation and modulation rate (optional)............ 677
18.4.6.7 Channel Agility (optional) ................................................................... 679
18.4.6.8 Transmit and receive in-band and out-of-band spurious emissions .... 682
18.4.6.9 TX-to-RX turnaround time .................................................................. 682
18.4.6.10 RX-to-TX turnaround time .................................................................. 682
18.4.6.11 Slot time............................................................................................... 682
18.4.6.12 Channel switching/settling time........................................................... 682
18.4.6.13 Transmit and receive antenna port impedance .................................... 682
18.4.6.14 Transmit and receive operating temperature range.............................. 682
18.4.7 PMD transmit specifications.................................................................................. 682
18.4.7.1 Transmit power levels.......................................................................... 682
18.4.7.2 Transmit power level control............................................................... 683
18.4.7.3 Transmit spectrum mask...................................................................... 683
18.4.7.4 Transmit center frequency tolerance.................................................... 683
18.4.7.5 Chip clock frequency tolerance ........................................................... 683
18.4.7.6 Transmit power-on and power-down ramp ......................................... 684
18.4.7.7 RF carrier suppression ......................................................................... 684
18.4.7.8 T