netman 2008-4-13 19:56
IEEE Std 802.1D™- 2004(Revision of IEEE Std 802.1D-1998)
【资料成文时间】： Sponsor
LAN MAN Standards Committee
of the
IEEE Computer Society
Approved 4 June 2004
American National Standard Institute
Approved 9 February 2004
IEEE-SA Standards Board
【语言】：English
【页数】： 281
【何人（公司）所著】： IEEE
【文件格式】： PDF
【文件原名】： Media Access Control (MAC) Bridges
【摘要或目录】：
Contents
1. Overview..................................................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Introduction............................................................................................................................. 1
1.2 Scope....................................................................................................................................... 1
2. References................................................................................................................................................... 3
3. Definitions................................................................................................................................................... 5
3.1 Bridged Local Area Network................................................................................................... 5
3.2 Expedited traffic....................................................................................................................... 5
3.3 Group ...................................................................................................................................... 5
3.4 IEEE 802 Local Area Network (LAN) .................................................................................... 5
4. Abbreviations.............................................................................................................................................. 7
5. Conformance............................................................................................................................................... 9
5.1 Required capabilities................................................................................................................ 9
5.2 Optional capabilities ................................................................................................................ 9
5.3 Protocol Implementation Conformance Statement.................................................................10
5.4 Recommendations..................................................................................................................10
5.5 MAC-specific bridging methods.............................................................................................10
6. Support of the MAC Service.......................................................................................................................11
6.1 Support of the MAC Service...................................................................................................11
6.2 Preservation of the MAC Service .......................................................................................... 12
6.3 Quality of Service maintenance............................................................................................. 12
6.4 Internal Sublayer Service provided within the MAC Bridge................................................. 16
6.5 Support of the Internal Sublayer Service by specific MAC procedures................................ 19
6.6 Filtering services in Bridged Local Area Networks .............................................................. 24
7. Principles of Bridge operation ................................................................................................................... 29
7.1 Bridge operation..................................................................................................................... 29
7.2 Bridge architecture................................................................................................................. 31
7.3 Model of operation................................................................................................................. 32
7.4 Port States and the active topology........................................................................................ 35
7.5 Frame reception ..................................................................................................................... 35
7.6 Frame transmission................................................................................................................ 37
7.7 The Forwarding Process ........................................................................................................ 37
7.8 The Learning Process............................................................................................................. 41
7.9 The Filtering Database........................................................................................................... 42
7.10 Spanning Tree Protocol Entity and GARP Entities ............................................................... 49
7.11 Bridge management ............................................................................................................... 49
7.12 Addressing ............................................................................................................................. 49
8. Spanning tree algorithm and protocol........................................................................................................ 57
9. Encoding of bridge protocol data units...................................................................................................... 59
9.1 Structure................................................................................................................................ 59
9.2 Encoding of parameter types ................................................................................................. 59
Copyright © 2004 IEEE. All rights reserved.
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9.3 BPDU formats and parameters .............................................................................................. 61
10.GARP Multicast Registration Protocol (GMRP)...................................................................................... 67
10.1 Purpose.................................................................................................................................. 67
10.2 Model of operation................................................................................................................. 67
10.3 Definition of the GMRP Application..................................................................................... 70
10.4 Conformance to GMRP ......................................................................................................... 72
11.Example “C” code implementation of GMRP.......................................................................................... 75
12.Generic Attribute Registration Protocol (GARP) ..................................................................................... 77
12.1 GARP overview..................................................................................................................... 77
12.2 GARP architecture ................................................................................................................. 79
12.3 Requirements to be met by GARP......................................................................................... 82
12.4 Requirements for interoperability between GARP Participants ............................................ 83
12.5 Conformance to GARP Applications..................................................................................... 83
12.6 Protocol Operation ................................................................................................................. 84
12.7 State machine descriptions..................................................................................................... 90
12.8 Administrative controls.......................................................................................................... 95
12.9 Procedures............................................................................................................................. 96
12.10 Structure and encoding of GARP Protocol Data Units........................................................ 101
12.11 Timer values, granularity and relationships......................................................................... 106
12.12 Interoperability considerations............................................................................................. 106
13.Example “C” code implementation of GARP ........................................................................................ 109
14.Bridge management ............................................................................................................................... 111
14.1 Management functions......................................................................................................... 111
14.2 Managed objects .................................................................................................................. 112
14.3 Data types............................................................................................................................ 112
14.4 Bridge Management Entity .................................................................................................. 113
14.5 MAC Entities ....................................................................................................................... 116
14.6 Forwarding Process.............................................................................................................. 116
14.7 Filtering Database ................................................................................................................ 119
14.8 Spanning Tree Protocol Entity............................................................................................. 123
14.9 GARP Entities...................................................................................................................... 127
14.10 GMRP entities...................................................................................................................... 129
15.Management protocol ............................................................................................................................. 133
16.Bridge performance ............................................................................................................................... 135
16.1 Guaranteed Port Filtering Rate ............................................................................................ 135
16.2 Guaranteed Bridge Relaying Rate ....................................................................................... 135
17.Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP)................................................................................................... 137
17.1 Protocol design requirements............................................................................................... 137
17.2 Protocol support requirements ............................................................................................. 138
17.3 RSTP overview .................................................................................................................... 138
17.4 STP compatibility ................................................................................................................ 143
17.5 Spanning tree priority vectors.............................................................................................. 143
17.6 Priority vector calculations .................................................................................................. 143
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Copyright © 2004 IEEE. All rights reserved.
17.7 Port Role assignments.......................................................................................................... 145
17.8 Communicating spanning tree information ......................................................................... 145
17.9 Changing spanning tree information.................................................................................... 145
17.10 Changing Port States............................................................................................................ 146
17.11 Updating learned station location information .................................................................... 148
17.12 RSTP and point-to-point links ............................................................................................. 151
17.13 RSTP performance parameters ............................................................................................ 151
17.14 Performance parameter management................................................................................... 153
17.15 Rapid Spanning Tree state machines ................................................................................... 155
17.16 Notational conventions used in state diagrams.................................................................... 155
17.17 State machine timers ............................................................................................................ 157
17.18 Per-Bridge variables............................................................................................................. 158
17.19 Per-Port variables................................................................................................................. 159
17.20 State machine conditions and parameters ............................................................................ 164
17.21 State machine procedures .................................................................................................... 165
17.22 Port Timers state machine.................................................................................................... 170
17.23 Port Receive state machine .................................................................................................. 170
17.24 Port Protocol Migration state machine ................................................................................ 171
17.25 Bridge Detection state machine ........................................................................................... 171
17.26 Port Transmit state machine................................................................................................. 172
17.27 Port Information state machine............................................................................................ 173
17.28 Port Role Selection state machine........................................................................................ 174
17.29 Port Role Transitions state machine .................................................................................... 174
17.30 Port State Transition state machine...................................................................................... 177
17.31 Topology Change state machine.......................................................................................... 178
17.32 RSTP performance requirements......................................................................................... 179
18.Bridge Detection state machine .............................................................................................................. 181
Annex A (normative) PICS Proforma.......................................................................................................... 183
A.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................... 183
A.2 Abbreviations and special symbols...................................................................................... 183
A.3 Instructions for completing the PICS proforma................................................................... 184
A.4 PICS proforma for IEEE Std 802.1D.................................................................................. 186
A.5 Major Capabilities................................................................................................................ 187
A.6 Media Access Control Methods........................................................................................... 188
A.7 Relay and filtering of frames ............................................................................................... 189
A.8 Basic Filtering Services ....................................................................................................... 190
A.9 Addressing ........................................................................................................................... 191
A.10 Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol ............................................................................................. 192
A.11 BPDU Encoding................................................................................................................... 193
A.12 Implementation Parameters.................................................................................................. 193
A.13 Performance ......................................................................................................................... 194
A.14 Bridge management ............................................................................................................. 195
A.15 Remote Management............................................................................................................ 196
A.16 Expedited Traffic Classes..................................................................................................... 196
A.17 Extended Filtering Services.................................................................................................. 196
A.18 GMRP................................................................................................................................. 197
A.19 GARP.................................................................................................................................. 198
Copyright © 2004 IEEE. All rights reserved.
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Annex B (informative) Calculating spanning tree parameters .................................................................... 199
Annex C (normative) Source-routing transparent bridge operation ............................................................ 201
C.1 Overview............................................................................................................................. 201
C.2 Support of the MAC Service................................................................................................ 204
C.3 Principles of operation ......................................................................................................... 208
C.4 Bridge management ............................................................................................................. 223
C.5 Management protocol .......................................................................................................... 227
Annex D (normative) PICS Proforma for source-routing transparent bridge operation ............................. 229
D.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................... 229
D.2 Relay and filtering of frames ............................................................................................... 229
D.3 Bridge numbers and LAN IDs ............................................................................................. 230
D.4 Bridge management ............................................................................................................. 230
Annex E (informative) Allocation of Object Identifier values .................................................................... 231
Annex F (informative) Preserving the integrity of FCS fields in MAC Bridges......................................... 233
F.1 Background......................................................................................................................... 233
F.2 Basic mathematical ideas behind CRC and FCS ................................................................. 233
F.3 Detection Lossless Circuit approach.................................................................................... 235
F.4 Algorithmic modification of an FCS ................................................................................... 236
F.5 Conclusions......................................................................................................................... 239
Annex G (informative) User priorities and traffic classes............................................................................241
G.1 Traffic types ......................................................................................................................... 241
G.2 What are we managing?....................................................................................................... 241
G.3 Traffic type to traffic class mapping.................................................................................... 242
Annex H (informative) Generic Attribute Registration Protocol Design .................................................... 245
H.1 Use of an unconfirmed protocol .......................................................................................... 245
H.2 Design of the Applicant state machine ................................................................................ 245
H.3 Design of the Registrar state machine ................................................................................. 246
H.4 Analysis of GARP State Machine Operation....................................................................... 246
Annex I (informative) Introduction of GARP, GMRP, and Extended Filtering Services........................... 261
I.1 Migration considerations ..................................................................................................... 261
I.2 Interoperability with higher-layer multicast protocols and related issues ........................... 263
Annex J (informative) RSTP Migration ...................................................................................................... 265
J.1 Overview of protocol changes ............................................................................................. 265
J.2 BPDU formats...................................................................................................................... 265
Annex K (informative) Frame duplication and misordering ....................................................................... 267
K.1 Background......................................................................................................................... 267
K.2 Frame duplication ................................................................................................................ 267
K.3 Frame misordering ............................................................................................................... 268
K.4 Other considerations ............................................................................................................ 269